Effect of Various Biochar Materials and Levels of Chicken Manure on Growth and Yield of Soybean

Suryani Sajar; Andi Setiawan; Adella Tri Anzani

Authors

Suryani Sajar Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Andi Setiawan Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Adella Tri Anzani Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi

Keywords:

biomass, biochar, chicken manure, soybean

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of various biochar materials and doses of chicken manure on soybean growth and yield. The research method used a 2 factorial Randomized Group Design. The first factor is the treatment of various biochar materials consisting of 4 levels, namely: no treatment, corn cob biochar, jengkol skin biochar, rice husk biochar. Factor II is chicken manure consisting of 0 ton/ha, 5 ton/ha, 10 ton/ha and 15 ton/ha. The results showed that the provision of biochar on the growth and yield of soybean plants had a significant effect on the parameters of stem diameter, number of pods, dry weight of seeds/plant, dry weight of 100 seeds. The provision of jengkol skin biochar gave the highest effect on stem diameter (1.750 cm), number of pods (181.60 pods), dry weight of seeds/plant (45.64 gr), weight of seed/m2 (442,98 g). The application of chicken manure on the growth and yield of soybean plants gives a significant effect on stem diameter, number of pods, dry weight of seeds/plant, dry weight of 100 seeds. The dose of chicken manure 15 tons/ha showed the highest effect on stem diameter, number of pods, dry weight of seeds/plant, dry weight of 100 seeds. The interaction of biochar and chicken manure fertilizer did not give a significant effect on all treatments.

References

Andayanie, W.R. 2016. Soybean Production Development as an Effort for Food Independence in Indonesia.

Andi Setiawan Suryani Sajar, Ihsan Proyogo.The Effect of Giving Various Compositions of Organic Materials on the Growth and Yield of Long Bean Plants (Vigna Sinensis L.) with a Sustainable Agricultural System. Agrivet Journal of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry. Vol. 11 No. 02, December 2022

Agungnoe. 2022. UGM Observer: Breakthrough Needed to Overcome Soybean Crisis Coverage/News February 22, 2022, 12.16.

Atkinson CJ. Atkinson & Jean D. Fitzgerald & Neil A. 2010. Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: a review Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010.

BPS. 2020. Analysis of Maize and Soybean Productivity in Indonesia (Cropping Survey Results). Jakarta. The 2020 Analysis of Maize and Soybean Productivity in Indonesia (The Results of Crop Cutting Survey). Directorate of Food Crops, Horticulture, and Plantation Statistics. Central Bureau of Statistics/BPS-Statistics Indonesia.

Chan, K.Y., V.L. Zwieten, I. Meszaros, A. Dowine, and S. Joseph. 2007. Agronomic value of greenwaste biochar as a soil amendment. Aust, J. Soil Res. 45:629-634.

Dariah A, Sutono S, Nurida NL, Hartatik W, Pratiwi E. 2015. Soil improvers to improve agricultural land productivity. Journal of Land Resources. 9(2):64-84.

Devi Andriani Luta, Maimunah Siregar, Marahadi Siregar, Ismail, D. 2019. Increase in plants due to the application of soil amendments to several varieties of shallots. Agrium ISSN 0852-1077 (Print) ISSN 2442-7306 (Online) April 2019 Volume 22 No.1

Glaser, B., J. Lehmann, and W. Zech. 2002. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal: A review. Biol. Fertil. Soils 35:219 -230.

Hutapea, S, Ellen L.P, and Andy.W. 2015. Utilization of Biochar from Kendaga and Rubber Seed Shells as Organic Amelioration Material on Horticultural Land in Karo Regency, North Sumatra. Competing Grant research report, Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education Jakarta (Unpublished).

Laird, D.A. 2008. The charcoal vision: a winewinewin scenario for simultaneously producing bioenergy, permanently sequestering carbon, while improving soil and water quality, Agronomy Journal 100, 178-181.

Liang, B., J. Lehmann, D. Solomom, J. Kinyangi, J. Grossman, B. O'Neill, J.O. Skjemstad, J. Thies, F.J. Luizao, J. Petersen, and E.G. Neves. E.G. 2006. Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 70:1719-1730.

Lehmann, J., J. Gaunt, and M. Rondon. 2006. Biochar sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems-a review Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Global Change 11:403-427

Lehmann, J, Rillig, MC, Thies, J, Masiello, CA, Hockaday, WC, Crowley, D. 2011. Biochar effects on soil biota - A review. Soil Biology & Biochemistry Vol 43: Pp. 1812-1836.

Lubis, H. P., Rangkuty, D. M., Wulandari, D. Y., & Andryani, I. (2023, April). Analysis of Market Potential Development of Al-Amin Science and Industrial Park (Living Lab) Glugur Rimbun Area in Kutalimbaru District, Deli Serdang Regency. In Proceeding of The International Conference on Economics and Business (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 22-33).

Lutfyrakhman H, Anas D. Susila. 2013. Optimization of Inorganic Fertilizer Dosage and Chicken Manure on Hibirad Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Cultivation. Bulleting Agrohorti 2013).

Maya Melati, W. A. 2005. Effect of Chicken Manure and Calopogonium mucunoides Green Manure on Growth and Production of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) Young Harvest Organically Cultivated. Thesis. Agronomy Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bul. Agron.(33)(2) 8-15

Maisa, Yetti H. 2018. Application of Various Doses of Chicken Manure on the Growth and Production of Leaf Onion Plants (Allium fistulosum L). Unri Journal Volume 5 Edition 1 January to June 2018.

Mawardiana, Sufardi, & Edi, H. 2013. Effect of Biochar Residue and NPK Fertilization on Soil Chemical Properties and Growth and Yield of Rice Plants in the Third Planting Season. Journal of Land Resources Management 2(3), 255-260.

Najla Lubis, Refnizuida, Heru Ilham Fauzi Ra. 2019. The Effect of Providing Moringa Leaf Organic Fertilizer and Quail Manure on the Growth and Production of Long Bean Plants (Vigna cylindrica L).Talenta Conference Series.

Nguyen, TTN, Xu CY, Tahmasbian I, Che R, Xu Z, Zhou X, Wallace HM, Bai, SH. 2017. Effects of Biochar on Soil Available Inorganic Nitrogen: A Review and MetaAnalysis. Geoderma Vol 288: Pp. 79-96 .

Sajar Suryani. 2022. Chicken Farm Waste as Soil Improver in Soybean Cultivation. Monograph Book. Publisher of the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi. ISBN: 978-623-6587-15-7

Sajar Suryani. 2023. Evaluation of the Effect of Chicken Manure and Bitter Ki Weed Compost (Tithonia diversifolia) on the Growth and Production of Soybean (Glycine max L).Seminar of Social Sciences Engineering & Humanities Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi. Medan.

Sajar Suryani. (2022). Effect of Chicken Manure and Egg Shell Application on Soil Chemical Properties, Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) Agrium ISSN 0852-1077 (Print) ISSN 2442-7306 (Online) October 2022 Volume 25 No.2.

Saparso, Sudarmadji A, Sulistyanto P, Cahya RR. 2017. Effectiveness of Various Fertilization Intervals, Frequency of Application and Types of Soil Improvers on Growth and Yield of Flower Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis) on Beach Sand Land. Proceedings and Call for Paper Development of Rural Resources and Sustainable Local Wisdom VII November 17-18, 2017. Purwokerto

Sohi, S., E. Krull, E. Lopez-Capel, and R. Bol. 2010. A review of biochar and its use and function in soil. Advances in Agronomy 105:47-82.

Steel, R.G.D, Torrie JH. 1980. Statistical Principles and Procedures. A biomatrical approach. 2nd ed. Book co. London

Tambunan S, Bambang Siswanto, and E. H. 2014. Effect of Fresh Organic Matter and Biochar Application on the Availability of P in Soil in Dry Land of South Malang. Journal of Soil and Land Resources.

Zamzami A., Rogomulyo R., Purwanti S. 2016.The Effect of Fertilization Time and Type of Manure Fertilization on Black Soybean Yield Growth. Vegetalika 5 (1): 13-22.

Prasya D., Wahyud I., Baharuddin. 2016. Effect of Type and Composition of Chicken Manure and NPK Fertilizer on Nitrogen Uptake and Yield of Red Onion (Allium ascalonicum L) Palu Valley Variety in Entisol Sidera. J Agrotekbis 4 (4) { 384-393.

Rangkuty, D. M., Sajar, S., Yazid, A., & Satria, W. (2024, January). A Study Of Household Business At Sampe Cita Village. In Proceeding Of International Conference On Education, Society And Humanity (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 458-465).

Rangkuty, D. M., Setiawan, A., Franita, R., & Ningsih, R. T. (2024). ECONOMIC LITERACY AND PRICE OF GOODS CONCEPT IN SAMPE CITA VILLAGE FOR HOUSEHOLD BUSINESS GROUP. TRANSACTION: Journal of Taxation, Accounting, Management and Economics, 1-7.

Zamriyetti, Maimunah Siregar, Refnizuida. 2021.Effectiveness of Banana Peel POC and Chicken Manure on the Growth and Production of Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill). Agrium Journal. ISSN 0852-1077 (Print) ISSN 2442-7306 (Online) October 2021 Volume 24 No.2